Learning and learning process have been the concern of every nation. Since the advent of non-formal, semi- formal and formal learning systems, learning resources have been available. Science, technology and developments are continuously paving ways for newer categories of these resources, hence the concepts of traditional and modern learning resources. Several categorization schemes have been adopted for these resources. Renowned scholars have carried out researches on the impact of these resources on the learners and the learning system and various conflicting findings have been recorded.

The question being posed by some researchers is whether any learning resource is totally bad and if any is exclusively good. What then determines the choice of learning resource? The answer to this question takes us to the concept of learning ecology which is a system, a habitat or an organization made up of individuals of various categories and assorted resources interacting in different dimensions. These interactions are geared towards achieving equilibrium. Effective Equilibrium is reached by viable instruction design.